CRISES OF GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Keywords:
Public governance, policy gap, political instability, accountability, transparencyAbstract
Good governance is a key element towards building a strong nation- hood and ensures socio-economic prosperity of the country. It helps support the government to perform its constitutional role in such a fashion that promotes the values of transparency, efficiency, responsiveness, accountability, effectiveness to civil society and rule of law. Investment and economic development go hand in hand with good governance. Today, Pakistan is confronted with a number of challenges to streamline its structure of governance as per international standards. To be proficient in governance, Pakistanis in dire need to reconsider and amend its governing policies. In this background, the paper attempts to explore the gap in policy making and its implementation which is a hurdle in good governance in Pakistan.
References
Ahmar, M. (January 28, 2019). Crisis in economy and overnance. The Express Tribune.
Awan, B. (2004).“Anti-corruption: Strategies in Pakistan", Lahore: Book Biz.
Brunswich Cananda. (n.d). Economic and Social Inclusion Corporation. Retrieved 05 12, 2020, from Brunswich Cananda:ttps://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/esic/ overview/content/what_is_social_development.html
Cambridge Dictionary. (2020, 05 06). Good governance. Retrieved 05 19, 2020, from Cambridge Dictionary: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/good-governance
Haider, A., Ud- Din, M., & Ghani, E. (2011). Consequences of Political Instability,Governance and Bureaucratic Corruption on Inflation and Growth: The Case of Pakistan. Munich Personal RepEe Archive.
Haq, Dr. I. (2019). Journey to Judicial Reforms. The Daily News. Retrieved on April 6, 2020 HYPERLINK https://www. thenews.com.pk/print/421063-journey-to-judicial-reforms https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/421063-journey-to-judicial- reforms
Hossen, M., & Anwar, K. A. (2011). Problems and Possibilities of Good Governance in Bangladesh: Hurdles to Achieve Sustainable Development. Public Policy and Administration Research.
Imran, M., & Nordin, R. (2018). Good Governance in Pakistan: Challenges and Recommendations. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 1-11.
Iqbal, W. (2019, 10 16). Global Competitiveness Report 2019: Pakistan’s ranking drops. Retrieved 05 19, 2020, from Business Recorder: https://www.brecorder.com/2019/10/10/529011/global- competitiveness-report-2019-pakistans-ranking-drops/
Ismail, Z. H. and Rizvi,S. (2010). Some issues of governance in Pakistan. SPDC Document.
Jairo, A.-A., Nguyen, C., Tran, A., & Phung, T. (2015). The Urban- Rural Gap in Governance and Public Administration: Evidence from Vietnam. International Public Management Review, 06(01), 10-25.
Javaid, U. (2010). Corruption and its deep impact on good governance in Pakistan. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, Vol. 48, No. 1, PP. 123-134.
Javaid, U. (2010).Corruption and its deep impact on good governance in Pakistan. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, Vol. 48, No. 1, PP. 123-134.
Khan, M. M., & Alam, I. (2020). Good Governance in Pakistan: Parameters,Causes and Measures. Punjab University, 319-336.
Khan, Y.,Rethi, G. and Szegedi, K. (2018). Corruption as Business Challenges in Pakistan. European Scientific Journal, Vol. 14, No. 16. Retrived from Doi:10.19044/esj.2018.v14n16p1
Knight, J. (2012), “The Economic Causes and Consequences of Social Instability in China”, CGC Discussion Paper Series.
Malik, S. (2019, 04 18). Pakistan’s Economic Woes: The Way Forward. Retrieved 05 18, 2020, from The Diplomat: https://thediplomat.com/2019/04/pakistans-economic-woes- the-way-forward/
Mazhar , M. S., & Goraya, N. (2015). Issues of Good Governance in South Asia. South Asian Studies, 125 – 160.
Nawaz, S. (2019). Cross Swords: Pakistan, its Army, and the Wars Within. Amazon.com.
Pollitt, C., & Bouckaert, G. (2017). Public Management Reform. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
Rana, S. (2020, 04 08). Express tribune. Pakistan’s public debt rises 21% to Rs33.4 trillion.
Renzio, P., & Mastruzzi, M. (2017). What can governments do to bridge the gap between producers and users of budget information. The World Bank.
Saleem, M. (2014). Poor governance leads to political instability: report. Lahore: Brecorder.
Sarker, M., & Alam, B. (2011). Issues of Capacity-Building and Good Governance: A Case of Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship.
Sattar, A. R. (2019). Indicators affecting national governance in Pakistan. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 86-96.
Sehgal, I. (2017). Combating corruption for good governance. Dailt times.
Shark, A. (2016). The Information Technology Gap in Public Administration: What We Can Learn from the Certified Public Manager and Senior Executive Service Programs. Journal of Public Affairs Eduction, 22(02), 213-230.
The World Bank. (2013, 06 09). Social Protection in Pakistan. Retrieved 05 15, 2020, from The World Bank: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/pakistan/brief/social- protection-in-pakistan
The World Bank. (2017). The world Wide World Bank Indicatore. Washington D.C: The World Bank. Retrieved from http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#home
The World Development Indicators. (2017). The World Development Indicators. WDI.
Tufail, S. (2018, 05 05). Express Tribune. Good governance in Pakistan.
Vittal, N. and S. Mahalingam. (2004). Fighting Corruption and Restructuring Government. New Delhi: Manas Publications.
Yousaf, M., Ihsan, F., & Ellahi, A. (2016). Exploring the impact of good governance on citizens' trust in Pakistan. Government Information Quarterly, 201-209.
Zargar, T. A & Sheikh, M.A. (2018). Good Governance in India: Challenges and Prospects, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (IOSR-JHSS), Vol. 23, Issue, 2:60-64.